![]() ![]() Blackwater fish have genetics which gives them a deficient immune system response to bacteria in the water. ![]() The blackwater fish from South America seem to be especially sensitive. Symphysodon aequifasciatus Discus The Bacteria-Free Requirementįish that originate in blackwater are typically more difficult to keep than other fish. This topic is explored in more depth in this link: 12.4.1. Note tannic acid can negatively affect fish at 40 ppm. Just for the record, humic substances are harmless to bacteria and even tannic acid has to be in incredibly high concentrations (>2,000 ppm) to kill bacteria. In turn, because there are no bacteria in the native waters of blackwater fish, the immune systems are not very robust genetically and typically can’t fight off large numbers of bacteria in the water column. Because there are no bacteria the breakdown of organics substances goes to humic substances instead of carbon dioxide and water. Bacteria are largely responsible for reducing organic compounds to carbon dioxide and water. Bacteria need some salt so there are extremely low bacteria counts in blackwater. Marble hatchetfishīlackwater is very salt free. Black Kow composted cow manure is largely black humic substances. A better term for both humic acid and fulvic acid is “humic substances”. Humic and fulvic are generic names for literally trillions of types of black and brown organic acids which come about when plant matter decomposes. There are probably several hundred “species” and variations of tannic acid.īlackwater is is dark due to humic and fulvic acids. Tannins are polyphenolic organic acids found in certain plants like oaks and redwoods. “Tannic acid” is a term which hobbyists (and some researchers!) use when they technically mean a “tannin”. Glass Catfish What is Blackwater?īlackwater is not dark because of “tannic acid”. It is only for real aquarium nerds like the author. This is a very long and boring article on blackwater and blackwater fish. Are the ornaments and fish four feet away crystal clear and do they look like they are flying in air? Or is everything kind of “dull” and unclear? If it is “dull” there can be a problem. The key for blackwater fish is to look down the length of the tank, through four or six feet of water. This clear water typically can only be found in over filtered aquariums whose filters are greater than four months in operation. Rather they need exceptionally clean, crystal clear, bacteria free water. Blackwater BiotopeĬontrary to popular mythology, blackwater fish like neons, discus, apistos, loaches and rams do not need soft, low pH water or perfect “water parameters”. The topic of Blackwater is looked at in some depth in this article: 17.2.1. Some streams and swamps in southeast Asia also have this blackwater. ![]() Many river systems of northern South America including the Rio Negro and the Orinoco have blackwater. The dark brown color is due to organic acids in the water. The term “blackwater” refers to soft, acidic water which is deep brown in color, like clear tea. Blackwater Aquarium Fish Summary of Blackwater Fish Needs ![]()
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